specifying the underlying constructs of home culture attachment scale

this study was conducted to extract first, the underlying factors of home culture attachment scale (hcas) and second, to confirm these factors via structural equation modeling (sem) analysis. to meet this end, the scale was distributed to 374 english language learners in private language institutes in mashhad, iran. to determine the construct validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis (efa) was performed. the results of the analyses demonstrated that there were five underlying factors of the scale. then, sem analysis was performed to find a model of interaction among variables. the sem results confirmed the existence of five factors. finally, statistical results were discussed and implications were provided in the context of english language learning.